Dissociable effects of surprise and model update in parietal and anterior cingulate cortex
O'Reilly JX, Schüffelgen U, Cuell SF, Behrens TE, Mars RB, Rushworth MF.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Sep 17;110(38):E3660-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1305373110. Epub 2013 Aug 28.
Rushworthラボの眼球運動(サッケード課題)と瞳孔変化を用いた論文です。
いつも同じ場所で魚が釣れるなど、同環境における繰り返しの結果の観測は環境のモデルを作り出し、そこから逸脱する刺激は「驚き」を生み出し、そして時には「環境モデルの変化」として認識され、再学習が始まります。驚きと環境モデルのリセットは同時に起こることが多いですが、決して同一の現象ではありません。
本研究ではその２つの現象を独立に変動させるとことで、それぞれの要因が眼球運動野、瞳孔サイズ変化、そして脳活動の違いとしてとらえることができるというお話です。
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Showing posts with label pupil. Show all posts
Showing posts with label pupil. Show all posts
2014/11/04
2014/07/08
2014/07/08 森田
Parametric trial-by-trial prediction of pain by easily available physiological measures
Geuter S, Gamer M, Onat S, Büchel C.
Pain. 2014 May;155(5):994-1001. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2014.02.005. Epub 2014 Feb 10.
Pain is commonly assessed by subjective reports on rating scales. However, in many experimental and clinical settings, an additional, objective indicator of pain is desirable. In order to identify an objective, parametric signature of pain intensity that is predictive at the individual stimulus level across subjects, we recorded skin conductance and pupil diameter responses to heat pain stimuli of different durations and temperatures in 34 healthy subjects. The temporal profiles of trial-wise physiological responses were characterized by component scores obtained from principal component analysis. These component scores were then used as predictors in a linear regression analysis, resulting in accurate pain predictions for individual trials. Using the temporal information encoded in the principal component scores explained the data better than prediction by a single summary statistic (ie, maximum amplitude). These results indicate that perceived pain is best reflected by the temporal dynamics of autonomic responses. Application of the regression model to an independent data set of 20 subjects resulted in a very good prediction of the pain ratings demonstrating the generalizability of the identified temporal pattern. Utilizing the readily available temporal information from skin conductance and pupil diameter responses thus allows parametric prediction of pain in human subjects.
皮膚抵抗(SCR)と瞳孔径(pupil size)で(主観的な)痛みを予測。
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Geuter S, Gamer M, Onat S, Büchel C.
Pain. 2014 May;155(5):994-1001. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2014.02.005. Epub 2014 Feb 10.
Pain is commonly assessed by subjective reports on rating scales. However, in many experimental and clinical settings, an additional, objective indicator of pain is desirable. In order to identify an objective, parametric signature of pain intensity that is predictive at the individual stimulus level across subjects, we recorded skin conductance and pupil diameter responses to heat pain stimuli of different durations and temperatures in 34 healthy subjects. The temporal profiles of trial-wise physiological responses were characterized by component scores obtained from principal component analysis. These component scores were then used as predictors in a linear regression analysis, resulting in accurate pain predictions for individual trials. Using the temporal information encoded in the principal component scores explained the data better than prediction by a single summary statistic (ie, maximum amplitude). These results indicate that perceived pain is best reflected by the temporal dynamics of autonomic responses. Application of the regression model to an independent data set of 20 subjects resulted in a very good prediction of the pain ratings demonstrating the generalizability of the identified temporal pattern. Utilizing the readily available temporal information from skin conductance and pupil diameter responses thus allows parametric prediction of pain in human subjects.
皮膚抵抗(SCR)と瞳孔径(pupil size)で(主観的な)痛みを予測。
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